How to Prevent Gout?

Gout is a very common, complex and painful form of arthritis caused by the accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joints. This disease, which mainly affects men between 30 and 50 years of age and those with a family history, is characterized by sudden attacks of joint pain, swelling, redness and tenderness in one or more joints, usually in the toe.

Within gout, three clinical phases can be distinguished: hyperuricemia, which appears when there is an excess of uric acid in the blood, gout attack and chronic gout.

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Gout attacks occur when there is an inflammatory reaction against uric acid crystals deposited in the joints. These attacks usually occur at night and are accompanied by fever, and in most cases are extremely painful.

For a patient to experience an attack of gout, it is necessary that he or she has first gone through a period of hyperuricemia, although not all people who have a high presence of uric acid in the blood end up suffering from the disease. If it does occur, however, the pain will remain for a couple of days and the joint will take about three weeks to recover.

If the chronic attacks are not treated, the attacks will continue and the uric acid crystals will infiltrate the joints, causing them to wear out. It is then understood that the patient has chronic gout, a disease that causes great pain and can cause deformity, stiffness and permanent damage to the joints.

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Why does Gout occur?

According to Dr. Prada, “the supply of uric acid from the diet can be one of the causes of gout, but not the only one”.

Thus, he assures that:
The causes are multiple, both genetic and related to alterations in the elimination of uric acid in the urine, as well as external factors such as eating habits, so we must banish the idea that gout occurs only in people who do not take care of their diet or alcohol consumption.

In this regard, the SER spokesman stresses that “the ingestion of certain foods can cause uric acid to rise in the blood, but it is not the only condition necessary for gout to occur. Once the disease has been diagnosed, the most important thing of all is to comply with the pharmacological treatment and to clarify with the specialist which foods have to be taken with caution, also banishing the idea that there will be absolute or eternal food restrictions,” he adds.

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Hydration, Fundamental

Dr. Prada stresses that “as gout is a metabolic pathology, that is, it is directly related to the levels of a bodily substance, in this case, uric acid, any process that modifies these levels will make the disease worse. Uric acid is excreted mainly in the urine and insufficient hydration, especially in summer, can cause the elimination of uric acid to be inadequate and, therefore, gout can worsen”.

Regarding the necessary amount of daily water intake for people with gout, the expert assures that, “usually, one and a half to two liters of water would be enough, but it must be taken into account that these needs can change depending on the patient”.

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In this regard, Jesús Román, secretary of the Scientific Committee of the Water and Health Research Institute (IIAS), emphasizes that, especially in summer, mineral water, when presented in ergonomic, easily transportable containers and in formats adapted to each lifestyle, provides people with gout with adequate hydration at any time and place where they are, thus avoiding possible problems with this pathology.

In addition, “as it is pure, quality water, which does not need or receive any chemical treatment for its disinfection and consumption, it is essential to maintain healthy hydration habits”.

Gout is a disease that is still surrounded by many myths, so it is important that the patient is properly informed by his rheumatologist about the expectations of the treatment, what the complications of the disease may be if it is not treated properly and what pharmacological and non-pharmacological measures are the most effective for gout to be cured in the end.

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